Precise timing of action potentials is crucial for processing sensory information. Axonal length and propagation speed largely determine the time necessary for action potentials to reach postsynaptic neurons. Within the retina, retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons form the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), a highly organized layer with species-specific axonal arrangements. The human RNFL is characterized by unmyelinated axons, resulting in slow signal transmission, and by the presence of the fovea, a specialized region enabling high-resolution vision located temporally to the optic nerve head (i.e., optic disc). Its central part, known as the umbo, is mostly devoid of RGC somas and axons. As a result, foveal cones in the umbo establish connections with RGCs radially displaced on a ring-like structure encircling the umbo. Thus, RGC axons originating temporally to the fovea are significantly longer than axons originating nasally, which extend directly towards the optic disc. This leads to different paths for visual information from adjacent cones in the umbo to reach the optic disc, either through direct routes or longer trajectories looping around the umbo. To investigate whether different axonal lengths in the human RNFL result in distinct action potential propagation speeds and synchronize visual information, we first measured human reaction times to single-cone photostimulation in the umbo. We found that these reaction times were uniform across the central visual field, despite the differences in RGC axonal lengths. Then, to measure propagation speeds precisely, we recorded action potentials of foveal RGCs in ex vivo human retinal explants at subcellular resolution using high-density microelectrode arrays (HD-MEAs). We found that action potential propagation speeds varied based on the location of RGC somas relative to the umbo. Specifically, foveal RGC axons originating temporally to the umbo exhibited up to 50% higher action potential propagation speeds than those originating nasally. Using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we measured axon diameters and found that longer foveal axons had larger diameters. By developing a model of the human RNFL, we successfully predicted the entire paths and lengths of RGC axons, which strongly correlated with observed lengths and propagation speeds. Our findings suggest a compensatory mechanism in the human retina that contributes to synchronizing the arrival times of visual signals in the brain.