Aim Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are related to worse mental health outcomes and reduced grey matter volume (GMV) in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), amygdala (AMY), and hippocampus (HC), which has mostly been observed in samples of 12–50-year-old individuals. We hypothesize that these anomalies persist in middle- to old-age and brain structure (ROIs: HC, AMY, DLPFC) mediates the association of ACE with anxiety and depression symptoms. Methods The study uses data from the Hamburg City Health Study, which randomly sampled adults between 45–74 years (N=2,525) and tested them for anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9) symptoms, and number of ACEs (ACE-questionnaire). Data on grey matter were extracted from T1-weighted structural MRI-images using FreeSurfer7. Results Bayesian correlation analyses of ACE with PHQ-9 and GAD-7 yielded positive relationships and Bayes factors indicating a strong likelihood for H1 (ACExPHQ-9: r=0.23, BF10=7.805x10^45; ACExGAD-7: r=0.21, BF10=1.539x10^38). However, correlation analyses of ROI grey matter with ACE, PHQ-9, and GAD-7 yielded anecdotal to strong evidence in favour of H0 (BF10=0.034-1.886). An exploratory voxel-based morphometry revealed a significant GMV difference in ventral striatal areas in individuals with 0 versus 1-10 ACEs. GMV in the extracted cluster correlated negatively with PHQ-9 (r=-0.103, BF10=954.073) and GAD-7 (r=-0.092, BF=125.420) with Bayes factors indicating strong evidence for H1. Conclusion In the ageing general population of Hamburg, Germany, individuals with ACEs have GMV reductions in ventral striatal areas and worse mental health. Structural anomalies in HC, AMY, and DLPFC observed in younger samples do seem to normalize in late adulthood.