Dietary restriction (DR), has been shown to improve brain health and function, partly by enhancing GABAergic function and improving the excitation-inhibition balance. However, very few neuro-behavioral studies have explored the beneficial effects of DR outside models of age-related neuropathologies. Therefore, here, we set out to explore DR's-therapeutic potential for stress-induced psychopathologies, by utilizing the "Individual behavioral profiling" approach. Towards that end, after exposing the animals to stress, an “individual Behavioral Profiling” analysis was used to identify, prior to the DR intervention, the stress-affected (vulnerable) population, which was then subjected to 5 weeks of DR. The DR-intervention induced a robust recovery rate; by reversing the PTSD-like phenotype among 61 % of the rats. Interestingly, in the hippocampus, amygdala and prefrontal cortex distinct patterns of expression for NMDA and GABAA receptor subunits were identified among the DR-responsive animals, which suggests a shift in the Excitation-Inhibition balance. In conclusion, here, to the best of our knowledge, we have shown for the first time that DR might hold a therapeutic potential for stress-related psychopathologies. These results, although preliminary, encourage further research to utilize the behavioral profiling method so that peripheral and central biomarkers for DR-induced responsiveness could be identified.