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Authors & Affiliations
Bo-Ze Liao, Shih-Kuo Chen, Chuan-Chin Chiao
Abstract
The spontaneous activity in the developing retina is essential for maturation of visual-associated brain area. The previous studies demonstrate that early light experience can also contribute to the development of visual system, but the effects and mechanisms are still largely unclear. Here we explored how the early light experience modulate retinal waves during the first postnatal week in mice. In the experiment, we used micro-electrode array (MEA) for electrophysiological recording. The retina from postnatal 3 to 8 days of mice were isolated under the dim red light and placed on MEA chip to record the neural activity of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). The blue light LED (420~490 nm) was applied for light stimulation. All statistical analyses were performed in MATLAB and SPSS software. In our results, the light stimulation can influence the wave-associated burst durations and the inter-wave intervals, form the alternative wave properties during the first postnatal week. However, this phenomenon was not observed in melanopsin knock-out (MKO) mice. Moreover, these light-induced wave property changes correlated with the dopaminergic pathway, which mainly regulated by D4 receptors. Overall, our data elucidated that the Stage II retinal waves are regulated by light environment, which controlled by intrinsically photosensitive RGCs (ipRGCs). Furthermore, the dopaminergic signals are participated in this light-associated mechanism. Together, the results support that the early light experience plays a critical role for retinal wave and may be required for the neural development.