Hedonic overeating is usually derived from overriding homeostatic food intake (FI) and is thought to be mainly responsible for modern age obesity. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is a major signal of reaching energy balance and satiety, having a major role in normal FI behaviour.We investigated the effects of the GLP-1 agonist exenatide on palatability-driven feeding regulation in adult male rhesus macaques (n=5) using a novel operant FI paradigm. In each session, one of two available food pellets with different palatability values was offered as meal in all combinations with two daily feeding sessions (S1 and S2).Without pharmacological treatment, a strong, palatability-driven anticipatory effect of the food offered later in S2 was found in S1, followed by a complementary successive positive contrast (SPC) effect on S2 FI. Acute treatment with 1 µg/kg dose exenatide substantially decreased FI in all four meal schedules in S1, completely erasing the previously observed palatability-driven anticipatory effect. Conversely, the SPC effect in S2 was largely conserved, with an additional weaker, palatability-specific exenatide effect. During three-day long subchronic treatment with exenatide in one meal schedule, the S1 anorectic effect observed in the acute experiment was stable, while a decreasing tendency in FI was observed in S2 over the consecutive treatment days. Taken together, the presently introduced operant FI paradigm provides novel insight in the mechanisms behind the hedonic aspects of FI behaviour and is also suitable for preclinical drug development research in primate models, where hedonic overconsumption is highly similar to that of humans.