Resources
Authors & Affiliations
Andréa Oddos, Benoit Beaucourt, Laure Spieser, Arnaud Rey, Stéphanie Khalfa
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare and explore the frequency characteristics of non-ordinary states of consciousness (NSCs) induced by hypnosis and bilateral alternating stimulations (BAS) as used in EMDR and the depth of these states. The neurophysiological processes underlying these states are investigated by measuring power spectral density (PSD) in frequency bands of the EEG signal and the deepness of NSC is assessed through visual analog scales on intensity, absorption, dissociation and immersion during memory recall. 25 healthy participants were included in the study. Each participant was exposed to the two NCSs in a pseudo-randomized order and asked to recall two pleasant memories. EEG recordings were made at rest and during memory recall for each type of NSCs. There was no significant difference between the two NSCs in terms of intensity, absorption, dissociation and immersion during the memory recall. Significant changes in PSD were observed for theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8-12 Hz), beta (12-30Hz) and gamma (30-40Hz) frequency bands, at different electrode sites for both conditions, compared to the baseline resting state. Only few significant differences between the two NSCs during the memory recall were observed, especially in the alpha band. These findings have further confirmed the involvement of several EEG frequency bands in NSCs, and has shown very differences between the two NSCs during memory recall in terms of PSD.