Choline Acetyltransferase (ChAT) serves as a reliable marker for motoneurons, including those within the oculomotor (OCM) system located in the brainstem. Although ChAT activity increases in spinal cord motoneurons during postnatal development, the evolving expression profile of this enzyme within the OCM system across various life stages remains unexplored. Previous investigations have indicated an elevation in nerve growth factor (NGF) expression in the spinal cord during postnatal development, mirroring ChAT patterns. Ocular motoneurons exhibit a distinct dependence on NGF due to the constitutive expression of its specific receptor, TrkA, an interaction known to have neuroprotective effects, distinguishing them from other spinal or cranial motoneurons. Thus, our primary objective was to elucidate the postnatal expression dynamics of key molecules mediating motoneuron-muscle communication, specifically ChAT and NGF, within rat OCM system motoneurons. To achieve this, animals were selected across five postnatal survival times (1, 7, 30, 90, and 180 days). Immunofluorescence and Western blot techniques were employed to assess the expression levels of both proteins across different motor nuclei of the OCM system. Analysis of optical density values obtained at various survival times unveiled a notable augmentation in ChAT protein expression within extraocular motoneurons throughout postnatal development, consistent with observations in other motoneuronal pools. Concurrently, we quantified a noteworthy rise in NGF in the motoneurons of the OCM system. Our findings, along with the high expression of the TrkA receptor, highlight the significance of NGF as a neurotrophic factor in these motoneurons, recognized for their resistance to degenerative processes.