Resources
Authors & Affiliations
Thomas Jensen, Olga Tiurikova, Roisin Finn, Anna Miserocchi, Andrew McEvoy, Matthew Walker, Umesh Vivekananda, Dmitri Rusakov
Abstract
Astrocytes play a fundamental role in numerous neural processes. In this study, we present preliminary data from ex vivo human cortical astrocytes obtained from Temporal lobe resections for epilepsy treatment and examined using whole cell patch clamp and 2-photon imaging techniques. Calcium (Ca2+) imaging reveals that these astrocytes exhibit a high frequency of Ca2+ transients in their fine processes compared to whole-cell responses, a finding consistent with astrocyte activity recorded in rodents. While the morphology of human astrocytes bore similarities to their rodent counterparts, they displayed a notably more intricate structure. Electrophysiologically, all recorded astrocytes manifested the expected linear current-voltage relationships. Our observations on gap-junction coupling reveal a spectrum of connectivity from evident gap-junction coupling to complete isolation. We confirm the presence of varicose projection astrocytes in layer V, with fine projections not appearing to follow or contact local capillaries. Notably, human neurones take up the classical astrocyte marker SR-101 very strongly, making high throughput experiments difficult. These findings begin to offer a deeper understanding of human astrocyte biology, emphasising both parallels and distinctions from rodent astrocytes, and underscore the importance of direct studies on human neural cells for a comprehensive insight into their function in health and disease.