In order to re-install neurogenesis after loss of neurons upon injury or neurodegeneration, we need to understand the basic principles of neurogenesis. I will first discuss about our discovery of a novel centrosome protein (Camargo et al., 2019) and discuss unpublished work about the great diversity of interphase centrosome proteomes and their relevance for neurodevelopmental disorders. I would then present work on a master regulator of neural stem cell amplification and brain folding (Stahl et al., 2013; Esgleas et al., 2020) to proceed presenting data on utilizing some of these factors for turning astrocytes into neurons. I will present data on the critical role of mitochondria in this conversion process (Gascon et al., 2016, Russo et al., 2020) and how it regulates the speed of conversion also showing unpublished data. If time permits I may touch on recent progress in in vivo reprogramming (Mattugini et al., 2019). Taken together, these data highlight the surprising specificity and importance of organelle diversity from centrosome, nucleolus and mitochondria as key regulators in development and reprogramming.