GemPharmatech

T-cell engagers can be developed for both cancer and autoimmune disease, but differences in target cells, disease biology and therapeutic goals require different preclinical strategies. Wanjun Yuan and Haiqiao Sun compare model selection and evaluation endpoints, from T-cell engagement and tumour killing to B-cell depletion, immune reconstitution and safety. A case-based exchange examines how the same target may call for different studies across indications, including assessment of cytokine-release signals and the effects of dose and exposure on experimental design.