Founded in 2002, the Brain Connectivity Workshop (BCW) is an annual international meeting for in-depth discussions of all aspects of brain connectivity research. By bringing together experts in computational neuroscience, neuroscience methodology and experimental neuroscience, it aims to improve the understanding of the relationship between anatomical connectivity, brain dynamics and cognitive function. These workshops have a unique format, featuring only short presentations followed by intense discussion. This year’s workshop is co-organised by Wellcome, putting the spotlight on brain connectivity in mental health disorders. We look forward to having you join us for this exciting, thought-provoking and inclusive event.

Inter-areal coherence between cortical field-potentials is a widespread phenomenon and depends on numerous behavioral and cognitive factors. It has been hypothesized that inter-areal coherence reflects phase-synchronization between local oscillations and flexibly gates communication. We reveal an alternative mechanism, where coherence results from and is not the cause of communication, and naturally emerges as a consequence of the fact that spiking activity in a sending area causes post-synaptic inputs both in the same area and in other areas. Consequently, coherence depends in a lawful manner on oscillatory power and phase-locking in a sending area and inter-areal connectivity. We show that changes in oscillatory power explain prominent changes in fronto-parietal beta-coherence with movement and memory, and LGN-V1 gamma-coherence with arousal and visual stimulation. Optogenetic silencing of a receiving area and E/I network simulations demonstrate that afferent synaptic inputs rather than spiking entrainment are the main determinant of inter-areal coherence. These findings suggest that the unique spectral profiles of different brain areas automatically give rise to large-scale inter-areal coherence patterns that follow anatomical connectivity and continuously reconfigure as a function of behavior and cognition.

A major neuroscientific challenge is to identify the neural mechanisms that support consciousness. Though experimental studies have accumulated evidence about the location of the neural substrate of consciousness, we still lack a full understanding of why certain brain areas, but not others, can support consciousness. In this talk, I will give an overview of our approach, taking advantage of the theoretical framework provided by Integrated Information Theory (IIT). First, I will introduce results showing that a maximum of integrated information within the human brain matches our best evidence concerning the location of the NSC, supporting the IIT’s prediction. Furthermore, I will discuss the possibility that the NSC can change its location and even split into two depending on the task demand. Finally, based on some graph-theoretical analyses, I will argue that the ability of different brain regions to contribute or not to consciousness depends on specific properties of their anatomical connectivity, which determines their ability to support high integrated information.