Astrobiology podcasts

David Kipping considers how to reason about extraterrestrial life when evidence is scarce. The discussion covers promising places to search, the interpretation of possible biosignatures and the role of statistical inference, alongside questions about habitable worlds and moons beyond our solar system.

Hosted by Janna Levin

Tanja Janko interviews chemist Lee Cronin about Assembly Theory, chemical complexity, and the emergence of life. They discuss how molecules can reflect the history of their assembly, whether homochirality could be an early form of chemical selection, and how the Chemputer could make chemistry programmable. Other topics include the distinction between patterns and codes in biology, complex molecules as possible evidence of life on Mars, and primitive cell-like behaviour in inorganic polyoxometalate systems.

Hosted by Tanja Janko

Anat Shahar investigates how rocky planets acquire water, a question central to assessing habitability beyond Earth. Her experiments and models examine chemical reactions between hydrogen-rich atmospheres and early magma oceans. The episode considers why water formation matters alongside a planet’s distance from its star.

Sean Carroll and astronomer Natalie Batalha discuss the transition from discovering individual exoplanets to systematically understanding planetary populations. They explore how frequently stars host planets, how planetary sizes and orbital distances are distributed, and what observations can reveal about atmospheres and possible habitats for life. Batalha draws on her experience with NASA's Kepler mission to explain what researchers have learned and which questions future observations may answer.

Hosted by Sean Carroll

Sean Carroll and chemist Addy Pross examine how living systems maintain persistence despite constant internal activity. Pross introduces dynamic kinetic stability: a way for chemical systems to sustain themselves through continuing processes supported by an energy source. The discussion develops this chemical perspective on the transition from nonliving matter to life and considers its implications for understanding biological organization and, more speculatively, consciousness.

Hosted by Sean Carroll

Dag Hessen discusses scientific questions about life's origins and the possible transition from chemistry to living systems. Conversation in Norwegian.

Steven Strogatz explores the origins of life with Jack Szostak and Betül Kaçar. Szostak considers how early-Earth chemistry, including cyanide-bearing environments, could give rise to precursors of RNA and DNA, and discusses competing settings for life’s beginnings. Kaçar explains how reconstructing ancient genes helps researchers investigate the evolution of essential biological processes. Together, the conversations examine what experiments can reveal about the earliest steps toward life and whether replaying evolutionary history would produce different outcomes.

Hosted by Steven Strogatz

Sara Imari Walker and Sean Carroll explore how life differs from other complex physical systems and whether information and computation help explain its emergence. Beginning around 6:38, Walker discusses biological homochirality: the preference for one molecular handedness, the roughly balanced mixtures produced without biology, and chemical symmetry breaking. Their wider conversation considers definitions of life, prebiotic chemistry, emergence, and the search for life beyond Earth.

Hosted by Sean Carroll

Donna Blackmond discusses why biological molecules favour a single handedness and how that asymmetry might have emerged. The homochirality discussion begins at 6:18. The episode also covers antiparasitic medicines recognised by the 2015 medicine Nobel prize, blood-based estimates of time since death, Matt Gunther’s interview with chemistry laureate Tomas Lindahl about DNA repair, polymer additives designed to reduce aviation-fuel fires, and carbon quantum dots produced from urine.