Effect of nutrient sensing by microglia on mouse behavior

Microglia are the brain macrophages, eliciting multifaceted functions to maintain brain homeostasis across lifetime. To achieve this, microglia are able to sense a plethora of signals in their close environment. In the lab, we investigate the effect of nutrients on microglia function for several reasons: 1) Microglia express all the cellular machinery required to sense nutrients; 2) Eating habits have changed considerably over the last century, towards diets rich in fats and sugars; 3) This so-called "Western diet" is accompanied by an increase in the occurrence of neuropathologies, in which microglia are known to play a role. In my talk, I will present data showing how variations in nutrient intake alter microglia function, including exacerbation of synaptic pruning, with profound consequences for neuronal activity and behavior. I will also show unpublished data on the mechanisms underlying the effects of nutrients on microglia, notably through the regulation of their metabolic activity.