Topic: All-optical techniques

All-optical techniques play a pivotal role in the direct interrogation of biological neural networks and the investigation of their computational properties. Such techniques combine spatiotemporally precise optogenetic stimulation at cellular resolution to manipulate neuronal states in the network with optical imaging of fluorescent genetically-encoded indicators for simultaneous readout of neuronal activity [1, 2]. The biophysical models of various optogenetic tools have been studied computationally in single neurons, accurately fitting experimental data [3, 4]. However, the effects of optoge