Topic: aversive somatosensory events

We aim to advance the mechanistic understanding of pain anticipation by investigating how the human cortical motor system learns to prepare for aversive somatosensory events. In this study, we tracked how neural oscillations and corticospinal excitability reflect the acquisition and reversal of pain expectations. Using a Pavlovian conditioning task, participants learned to anticipate the occurrence of lateralized aversive shocks. Specifically, during acquisition neutral visual stimuli predicted shocks to either the left (CS+L) or right (CS+R) arm, while another stimulus (CS-) never predicted s