Topic: Beck Depression Inventory

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) poses a significant public health concern due to its association with psychiatric complications, including anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbances. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), known for its implications in acromegaly and cancer, has been linked to metabolic syndrome in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between IGF-1 and post-TBI sleep disorders and its predictive value for sleep disorder onset. Fifty-nine mTBI patients underwent a 1-year follow-up assessment, among whom 20 individuals aged 41