Topic: α-bungarotoxin

The eyes are highly mobile organs, and their direction and position rely on visual and proprioceptive information. Surprisingly, classical proprioceptors (muscle spindles and Golgi tendon organs) are absent in the extraocular muscles (EOMs) of most mammals, except for even-toed ungulates (e.g. pigs). Instead, most mammals have a structure called palisade endings located at the EOM myotendinous junction. Their localization and similarity with Golgi tendon organs suggest they could be sensory structures providing eye position information. However, palisade endings are cholinergic, and their cell