Topic: caudal basal forebrain

Projections from basal forebrain cholinergic neurons (BFCNs) densely innervate neocortex, releasing acetylcholine to regulate arousal, sensory processing and learning. Although the cholinergic system is one of the extensively studied neuromodulatory system, its impact on cortical processing remains unclear. Earlier studies have shown that BFCNs in rostral and caudal basal forebrain nuclei respond largely similar to reward and punishment despite their non-overlapping cortical projections, suggesting that BFCNs act as a unified broadcasting system. In contrast, more recent findings revealed dist