Topic: excitatory/inhibitory circuits

Neuronal oscillations are a prominent feature of motor cortical local field potentials (LFPs) and abnormalities in oscillatory activity have been linked to several disorders. Theta-modulated gamma-frequency pulses of alternating current stimulation modulate motor learning in humans, however, it is unclear how these frequencies modulate motor cortical activity at the cellular microcircuit level. Here, we aimed to develop a method of bidirectionally modulating theta and gamma coupled oscillations in the motor cortex using closed-loop optogenetic stimulation of excitatory RBP4-Cre (retinol-bindin