Topic: eye-brain-labyrinth preparation

The appearance of image-forming eyes enabled animals to use vision for advanced behavioural repertoires, as constantly redirecting their gaze away or towards relevant targets. To prevent image blurring, mechanisms to stabilize the world in the retina are required. The vestibulo-ocular and the optokinetic reflexes are the main contributors to gaze stabilization, by generating compensatory movements, while the optic tectum integrates multisensory information and generates orienting/evasive gaze movements in all vertebrates. We use the lamprey, oldest extant vertebrate that shows remarkable simil