Topic: indirect modulation

Maladaptive negative memories underlie conditions such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This inspired research geared towards memory modulation by direct targeting of the negative memory. However, direct modulation of emotional memories can cause substantial distress and is often ineffective. Given these challenges we aimed to modulate negative memories indirectly. We previously demonstrated indirect modulation of neutral visual memory by utilizing behavioral instructions to intentionally remember or forget verbal content in order to indirectly target an embedded neutral visual memory.