Topic: levodopa-induced dyskinesias

Basal ganglia (BG) circuits are crucial for motor initiation and suppression. Dopamine loss in these circuits triggers Parkinson's disease (PD) and debilitating motor impairments such as akinesia and bradykinesia. Levodopa treatments alleviates PD symptoms, but often leads to abnormal involuntary movements known as levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LIDs). Understanding the neuronal mechanism of LIDs is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies. Recent studies suggest that LIDs result from abnormal striatal activity, yet how this activity affects downstream BG circuits to generate LIDs