Topic: lPFC

Flexibly switching between tasks is crucial for goal-directed adaptive behavior. Task switches require inhibition of the no-longer relevant and updating of the newly relevant task set, resulting in lower performance on trials requiring a task switch vs. repetition (i.e., switch costs). While children show greater switch costs than adults, theorized to be partly due to less distinct task-set representations, age differences can be mitigated by training. Studies in adults suggest that neural task-set representations become more distinct with training, enabling more effective processing in the la