Topic: multi-muscle coordination

The motor cortex can quickly adapt to perform variations of learned movements, for example by changing the speed or temporal order of muscle activations. The timescale of such adaptation is faster than can be explained by synaptic plasticity, making neuromodulation a prime suspect. Neuromodulation is typically modeled as gain changes at the level of somatic activation function. As a result, gain control is limited to the number of neurons N and often proves to be too coarse for multi-muscle coordination. Moreover, somatic gain modulation cannot easily accommodate the simultaneous impact of dif