Topic: natural adaptation

Since decades ago, biologists have recognized the existence of tradeoffs in biological systems (e.g., [1]). Yet, the first study that borrowed the idea of Pareto-optimality to analyze tradeoffs in biological systems was published in 1995 [2]. In 2008, following [2], it was hypothesized in [3] that Pareto-optimality, which has been used by engineers for many years, should prove to also be significant to the understanding of natural systems. It was also argued in [3] that terminologies such as multi-objective optimization, which are associated with the Pareto principle, should be carefully revis