Topic: non-rapid eye movement sleep

How do our brains monitor the environment during sleep? Traditional views consider sleep a disconnected state. Yet, neural processing of sensory information persists, albeit resulting in different perceptual experiences compared to wakefulness. Here, we investigated the neural temporal lobe circuits underlying auditory processing during wake and sleep and how sleep physiology affects the processing of auditory stimuli. This was accomplished through the investigation of intracranial electrophysiological responses to pure-tone auditory stimulation (Panel A) in 18 neurosurgical patients with medi

The circuitry underlying the initiation, maintenance, and coordination of wakefulness, rapid eye movement sleep, and non-rapid eye movement sleep is not thoroughly understood. Sleep is thought to arise due to decreased activity in the ascending reticular arousal system, which originates in the brainstem and awakens the thalamus and cortex during wakefulness. Despite the conventional association of sleep-wake states with hippocampal rhythms, the mutual influence of the hippocampal formation in regulating vigilance states has been largely neglected. Here, we focus on the subiculum, the main outp

The head-direction (HD) system is an essential component of the spatial navigation system and is believed to provide key signals during sleep to support memory formation in the downstream parahippocampal regions. The HD signal is processed by a mammillary-thalamic-subicular loop within the Papez circuits. Specifically, the lateral mammillary nucleus (LMN) receives an angular velocity signal from the brainstem and is believed to form an attractor network supporting the generation of the HD signal. By recording from ensembles of LMN neurons in freely moving mice during wakefulness and sleep, we