Topic: single neuron activity

“Surprising” sensory stimuli trigger a large and widespread electrocortical activity in the mammal brain – the vertex potential – that is coupled with marked changes in behavioral output. It is, however, still unclear how “surprise” is represented at different hierarchical levels of cortical processing, as well as at different spatiotemporal scales, ranging from individual neurons to large cortical areas. Also, if and how surprise at individual neuron level relates to the widespread surprise-related vertex potential widely studied in humans remains elusive.To answer those questions, we recorde