Topic: ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body

The ventral nucleus of the trapezoid body (VNTB) is a major inhibitory hub in the descending auditory system. It receives descending projections from the auditory cortex, the inferior colliculus, and the nuclei of the lateral lemniscus. In turn, the VNTB innervates the contralateral lateral superior olive, the cochlear nuclei (CN) on both sides, and the outer hair cells within the cochlea. Its GABAergic, glycinergic and cholinergic neurons propagate the signals from higher centers to the first stages of the auditory brainstem.We injected the bidirectional tracer biotinylated dextran amine (BDA