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MAPPING SEX AND AGE EFFECTS USING BRAIN CHARTS IN SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDER
Alessia Pasquiniand 9 co-authors
Universidad de Sevilla
FENS Forum 2026 (2026)
Barcelona, Spain
Board PS01-07AM-522
Presentation
Date TBA
Board: PS01-07AM-522
Event Information
Poster Board
PS01-07AM-522
Poster
View posterAbstract
The clinical phenotype of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder (SSD) demonstrated age and sex differences, but their contributions to brain morphometry remain unclear.
T1 images from various studies were collected. The final sample after QC included 526 individuals with SSD and 517 controls. Images were processed with FreeSurfer 6.0.1 and then harmonized using ComBat. Cortical thickness (CT), surface area (SA), and grey matter volume (GM) were extracted for both hemispheric and region levels. Brain centiles were estimated using normative reference models from Dorfschmidt et al. (2025), and group differences were analyzed using linear mixed-effects models, with age, sex, and diagnosis as fixed effects and site as a random effect. FDR-correction was applied to adjust for multiple comparisons.
All results reported here were significant at the 5% FDR level. The effect of diagnosis was widespread and bilateral at both regional and hemispheric levels. A significant hemispheric-level interaction between sex and clinical diagnosis was observed bilaterally for SA (Figure 1; left d = -0.22, right d = -0.23), and, only in the left hemisphere, for CT (d = -0.18). Regionally, the sex-diagnosis interaction also demonstrated significant effects on the GM (d = 0.14) and SA (d = 0.15) of the left Banks of the Superior Temporal Sulcus, as well as on CT (d = -0.15) of the caudal anterior cingulate. In contrast, the interaction with age showed significant effects only in specific regions.
In conclusion, findings indicate that sex differences have a widespread impact on brain morphometry, whereas age-related effects are region-specific.
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