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NII Methods (journal club): NeuroQuery, comprehensive meta-analysis of human brain mapping
We will discuss this paper on Neuroquery, a relatively new web-based meta-analysis tool: https://elifesciences.org/articles/53385.pdf. This is different from Neurosynth in that it generates meta-analysis maps using predictive modeling from the string of text provided at the prompt, instead of performing inferential statistics to calculate the overlap of activation from different studies. This allows the user to generate predictive maps for more nuanced cognitive processes - especially for clinical populations which may be underrepresented in the literature compared to controls - and can be useful in generating predictions about where the activity will be for one's own study, and for creating ROIs.
From 1D to 5D: Data-driven Discovery of Whole-brain Dynamic Connectivity in fMRI Data
The analysis of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data can greatly benefit from flexible analytic approaches. In particular, the advent of data-driven approaches to identify whole-brain time-varying connectivity and activity has revealed a number of interesting relevant variation in the data which, when ignored, can provide misleading information. In this lecture I will provide a comparative introduction of a range of data-driven approaches to estimating time-varying connectivity. I will also present detailed examples where studies of both brain health and disorder have been advanced by approaches designed to capture and estimate time-varying information in resting fMRI data. I will review several exemplar data sets analyzed in different ways to demonstrate the complementarity as well as trade-offs of various modeling approaches to answer questions about brain function. Finally, I will review and provide examples of strategies for validating time-varying connectivity including simulations, multimodal imaging, and comparative prediction within clinical populations, among others. As part of the interactive aspect I will provide a hands-on guide to the dynamic functional network connectivity toolbox within the GIFT software, including an online didactic analytic decision tree to introduce the various concepts and decisions that need to be made when using such tools
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