Neurogenesis, the process in which neural precursor cells differentiate into mature neurons, occurs also postnatally and is critical to cognitive processes such as learning and memory. A main neurogenic niche is located in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, a brain area greatly involved in learning and memory. During the normal process of aging, hippocampal neurogenesis decreases substantially, and it is suggested that this decrease starts at the very first stages, if not immediately prior to, the development of mild cognitive impairment and/or dementia. Unfortunately, despite the increasing prevalence of old-age dementia, there is no global molecular understanding of this disorder nor an established treatment for the neurodegenerative processes seen in it.Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive component of the cannabis sativa plant. THC interacts with the endocannabinoid system, which was shown to be involved in the regulation of cognitive processes such as learning and memory, through modulation of synaptic transmission and plasticity. Our findings show that acute, Ultra-Low Dose (0.002mg/kg; ULD) THC treatment ameliorates the cognitive impairments and neurodegenerative processes seen in two-years-old (old) mice, regardless of sex. Moreover, next-generation sequencing (NGS) of hippocampal RNA showed significant alterations in the expression levels of neurogenesis- and cell differentiation-related genes and microRNAs in old mice treated with ULD-THC compared to vehicle-treated controls, results that were validated through real-time quantitative PCR. With these data and further experiments, we will delineate the molecular processes underlying old-age dementia and propose a novel potential therapeutic direction.