Recent studies show that horizontal L2/3 axonal projections exhibit increased myelin segments elongation following monocular deprivation. Such adaptive myelin plasticity may improve synaptic efficacy of corticocortical connections with a possible role in mediating the reorganization of cortical maps after sensory deprivation. Here, we explored the relationship between axonal myelination and the level of cortical reorganization in distinct layers of the somatosensory cortex following central sensory deprivation. Complete thoracic spinal cord was used to induce sensory deprivation of the cortical areas receiving information from hindlimbs. Sensory-evoked potentials in response to contralateral forelimb stimulation was performed to determine the strength of the synaptic connectivity between the deprived and intact cortex from Injured and control animals. Our results show that sensory deprivation enhanced L2/3 corticocortical connectivity observed as increased magnitude and slope of deprived neurons. Next, we explored whether the increased L2/3 synaptic efficacy was associated to myelin remodelling. While no change in the number of Olig2 staining, MBP staining showed increased intersections and horizontal myelination patterns, indicating increased myelination of corticocortical segments. In addition, the number of mature myelinating oligodendrocytes and the number of Ranvier-nodes were not affected by deprivation, but we observed an increase in internodal distance indicating a process of adaptive myelin plasticity from existing segments. These changes were not observed in IP3-R2-/- mice exhibiting deficient astrocyte activity, suggesting that astrocytes directly impact myelination. Overall, our data indicate a positive correlation among neuronal excitability and adaptive myelin plasticity that may mediate cortical reorganization through increased L2/3 corticocortical connectivity.