Aims: Metabolic profile impacts on tissue development including neurons in brain, yet the full repertoire of metabolic signals that shape developing neuronal architecture remain mysterious. Our aim is to clarify the metabolic crosstalk that coordinates the early acquisition of the neurite complexity in developing neurons. Methods: To investigate the factors involved in metabolic switch, we used transcriptomics analysis on the sensory neurons cultured in different metabolic demand. IPA analysis was used to interpret the transcriptomics data. We applied MEME-ChIP method on comprehensive motif analysis, which allows us to investigate the possible transcription regulators involved in the metabolic change response. Classical Sholl analysis visualized the effect of carbon switch non neurite branching effects. Genetic disruption of the transcription factor was applied to confirm the involvement of this gene in neural development and complexity. Results: Metabolic switching rewired the neuronal transcriptome, with elevated expression of growth-inhibitory cytokines and reciprocally decreased transcripts under transcription factors playing critical roles in development and cellular morphology. The effect of metabolic switching in developmental neuron morphology was confirmed in primary cultured neurons. Furthermore, genetic ablation of the transcription factor disrupted axonal outgrowth and somatosensory organisation in vivo. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate the developmental relevance of metabolism in post-mitotic neurons and discovered a group of transcription factors as physiological regulators of sensory neuron architecture. We suggest that the interplay between adaptive catabolism and anabolism coordinates the early acquisition of vertebrate axonal complexity.