Optogenetics is a powerful tool that allows controlling cellular activity with light by optically activating either excitatory or inhibitory synaptic ion channels. In this project, we study the effect of simultaneous optogenetic activation and inhibition in the same cells of transgenic Drosophila larvae using dual-color organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The OLEDs are patterned to sub-millimeter pixels with a high degree of light confinement, reaching optical power densities of 1 mW/mm−2, microsecond response speed and device heat‐up below 3 °C upon constant drive conditions at high brightness that allow targeting individual segments of Drosophila larvae. To achieve bidirectional optogenetic control, we use a recently developed optogenetic construct named BiPOLES ‒ a fusion protein that allows potent excitation and inhibition of exactly the same neurons with light of two different wavelengths by combining red-activated CsChrimson and blue-activated GtACR2. Under OLED illumination without additional stimulation optics, we observed that red-light induced optogenetic stimulation of motor neurons in OK371-Gal4 > UAS-BiPOLES larvae causes segment-specific contraction of body wall muscles, whereas blue-light induced inhibition reliably resulted in relaxation of body wall muscles, thus enforcing or stopping larval movement depending on intensity and duration of the light pulse. Exploiting the dual-color capability of the micropatterned OLEDs, we achieved targeted manipulation of the animal’s movement by timed combinations of activation and inhibition within individual segments without the need of complex light sources and filters, demonstrating a highly versatile and cost-effective solution for optogenetic experiments, like patterned micro-illumination for in vitro studies of neuronal networks.