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Authors & Affiliations
Nisa Cuevas Vicente, Boris Sotomayor-Gómez, Athanasia Tzanou, Ana Broggini, Martin Vinck
Abstract
The surround of the receptive field (RF) has been traditionally considered to modulate neural responses within the RF. However, recent studies have challenged this conventional understanding, showing elevated firing rates in primary visual cortex (V1) in response to stimuli presented in the surround, even in the absence of direct visual input within the classical RF. While the responses in absence of visual input have been interpreted as a prediction of the occluded content, we alternatively propose that the increased responses to the surround stimulation are the representation of a uniform achromatic (gray) surface.We studied the increases in V1 firing rates evoked by various properties of surround stimuli. We recorded V1 and LGN neurons using Neuropixels probes in awake mice. Our study shows surround-induced responses in V1, we observed increased V1 firing rates when presenting a grating stimulus in the distal surround, even when the RF was occluded by a gray patch up to 90° size. Additionally, lateral geniculate nucleus firing rates decreased in response to the same stimuli. Notably, V1 response latencies exhibited a consistent increase corresponding to the size of the gray patch.Surround-induced responses were present even without spatial continuity or motion coherence of the surround stimulus, including noisy textures. Moreover, responses to black/white surfaces against a gray background exhibited a magnitude and response latency similar to surround-induced responses against black/white stimuli covered with a gray patch. From these observations, we propose that surround-induced responses represent the achromatic surface itself, contributing to the process of image segmentation.