False percepts induced by sensory conditioning are a promising laboratory model for hallucinations and similar illusory phenomena, with links to both clinical symptoms and neurobiological features of psychosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between extracellular dopamine levels, as quantified by the dopamine D2/3 receptor agonist ligand [11C]-(+)-PHNO, and confidence with which conditioned auditory percepts are reported.To this end, ten healthy volunteers (2m, 8f) completed a cross-modal sensory conditioning task after undergoing a bolus plus constant infusion [11C]-(+)-PHNO positron emission tomography scan coupled with an i.v. amphetamine challenge (0.3 mg/kg body weight). Logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between post-amphetamine [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding potentials and the proportion of false auditory percepts rated at the highest confidence level on a visual analogue scale.Strong negative associations were observed between the relative frequency of high confidence ratings and [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding potentials in the entorhinal, orbitofrontal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, as well as anterior subregions of the insula and the cingulate cortex. In contrast, binding potentials in the parietal, retroinsular, and posterior cingulate cortices as well as several thalamic nuclei displayed positive relationships with the proportion of high confidence ratings.Taking post amphetamine [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding to be inversely proportional to extracellular neurotransmitter concentrations, dopamine appears to modulate erroneous perceptual confidence in a region-specific manner, with a pattern of overall higher frontal and lower posterior dopamine levels favoring increased confidence in conditioned auditory percepts.