Functional ultrasound imaging (fUSI) can record neuronal activity down to 20 mm depth in the brain, at finer resolution than functional magnetic resonance imaging. We developed an acquisition add-on, analysis and visualization pipeline that allows efficient identification of anatomical and functional layout of the brain in 3D. Leveraging the high signal quality of fUSI, we asked whether the acquisition of multi-cm 3D functional maps can be made compatible with chronic anesthetized experiment design. Since availability of large-brained species is low and their behavioral training can be prohibitive in many contexts, this new approach could provide well-controlled data acquisition for answering questions about brain development, plasticity or aging. We evaluated stimulus designs for the efficient identification of classical feature maps (e.g., retinotopy, orientation preference), reconstructing these maps in visual areas in the cat. We investigated the 3D topology of functional maps in pursuit of gaining insight into the cortical architecture of large-brained species. fUSI can be readily combined with additional modalities like recording high-density electrophysiology or optogenetics, thus our method offers a versatile access to 3D functional maps in higher-order mammalian species.