Neurogenesis is the process where neural stem cells (NSCs) develop into functional neurons. It comprises proliferation, differentiation, migration, axonal and dendritic targeting, and synaptic integration. Meropenem is a broad-spectrum carbapenem that treats various infections. It can penetrate most body fluids and tissues, cross the blood–brain barrier, and obtain a concentration within the cerebrospinal fluid close to that of blood plasma. However, no research has established a link between meropenem and neurotoxic effects on the brain and the subsequent behavioral activity. This project aims to investigate the effects of meropenem on rodents’ motricity, cognitive function, and hippocampal NSC proliferation. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats will receive two intraperitoneal injections of meropenem every 8 hours for 1 week. The experimental cohort comprises a low-dose (177 mg/kg) and high-dose (354 mg/kg) group. Sham group will receive sterile saline and naïve group will receive nothing. Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) will be injected 24 hours prior to euthanasia to assess hippocampal NSC proliferation. Abdominal thermal sensitivity test will assess hyperalgesia. Rota-rod test will assess motricity, and behavioral tests including Y-maze and novel object recognition will assess spatial memory and short-term memory, respectively. Moreover, dendritic spine alterations will be analyzed via immunohistochemical analysis. We speculate rats will show reduced cognitive abilities, exploratory behavior, and a decrease in NSC proliferation. This will be the first study assessing the neurotoxic effects of meropenem on neuroproliferation and behavior. Clinically, this might provide an insight on the appropriate use of this drug and its possible negative effects on the central nervous system.