The formation of memories in response to aversive or rewarding stimuli is crucial in guiding avoidance or approach behaviors. Scattered, projection-defined neuronal populations within the basolateral amygdala (BLA) selectively activate during encoding and retrieval of memories associated with either positive or negative valence. Interestingly, BLA neurons projecting to the CA1 area of the ventral hippocampus (vCA1) respond to both positive or negative predicting cues with no marked bias, suggesting that, within the whole responding population, two distinct subnetworks relay opposite information to vCA1.However, the mechanism by which vCA1 pyramidal neurons discern between positive and negative-related information remains unclear. The valence information might stay segregated within two distinct neuronal populations in vCA1, or it might also converge onto the same vCA1 neurons, which can specifically encode negative or positive valence. We suggest that valence-activated BLA neurons contact vCA1 dendrites in a precise spatial organization, generating valence-related spiking patterns in the postsynaptic neuron.To validate this hypothesis, we aim to create a map of the spatial location of functional synaptic inputs onto vCA1 pyramidal neurons by employing a combination of single-spine calcium imaging, electrophysiology, and optogenetics. By exploiting this approach, we demonstrated the unique distribution of BLA inputs onto the dendrites of vCA1 pyramidal neurons