Resources
Authors & Affiliations
Elena Acedo Reina, Enrique Germany Morrison, Antoine Nonclercq, Riëm El Tahry
Abstract
Seizures produce autonomic symptoms, mainly sympathetic but also parasympathetic in origin. As the vagus nerve (VN) is the main parasympathetic output, the aims of the project is to characterize VN activity during seizures for potential future development closed-loop VNS.Spontaneous seizures were pharmacologically induced in two male Wistar rats (380±14g) by IP kainic acid systemic administration. Surgeries were performed three months after status induction. Three epidural electrodes were implanted for EEG recording. A tripolar Micro-cuff electrode was placed around the left cervical VN to record Vagus Nerve ElectroNeurogram (VENG). The animals were monitored continuously for 14 days, defining seizures as episodes of rhythmic spiking activity lasting at least 10 seconds. Seizure severity was assessed using a modified Racine scale. Seizures were categorized into two groups: those without motor manifestations (Racine Score = 1) and those with motor manifestations (Racine score >1). VENG root mean square (RMS) values were computed, and a ratio was calculated comparing seizure window to pre-ictal window. The second group (5/10 seizures) exhibited higher RMS changes, showing a 75.6±0.6% RMS VENG increase compared to 9.6±0.2% (p-value=0.0082**) for group 1 (5/10 seizures). In addition, seizures from group 2 were significantly longer in duration (63±28.9 sec compared to 22±9.7 sec (p-value=0.0159*)).Our preliminary data suggest a correlation between seizure severity and duration and increased ictal VN activity. We hypothesize that more severe seizures may engage distinct central neuronal pathways, potentially involving the central autonomic network, contributing to more pronounced ictal autonomic modifications.