Nonhuman primates are commonly used to study the neural basis and the performance of motor neuroprosthetic control. Rodents are mostly not preferred in such studies due to their limited cognitive and visual abilities. In this work, we examine the capability of Wistar rats for neuroprosthetic control for reaching two distant targets. Three rats were chronically and bilaterally implanted with two 16-channel microelectrode arrays in the primary motor cortex. A behavioral setup and shaping paradigm was developed to direct the attention of rats to a motor neuroprosthetic endpoint, and to enable cortical activity modulations via neuronal operant conditioning to reach one of two opposite targets using the neuroprosthesis. All three rats involved in the study could acquire one of two randomly selected targets using the motor neuroprosthesis with at least 78% accuracy. A total of 16 pairs of units were examined in neuroprosthetic control and 9 of them exhibited the necessary activity modulations to reach selected targets. Our results indicate that rats have the capability to control a motor neuroprosthesis intentionally to reach distant targets. Our ongoing work is aimed at adapting the present neuroprosthetic control paradigm, where freely moving rats are used, for head-fixed rodents; we believe head fixation can be a useful approach to investigate neural activity during neuroprosthetic control using a variety of sophisticated in vivo imaging and electrophysiology equipments which cannot be carried by freely moving rodents. Support: TÜBİTAK Grants #115E257, #117E286 and #123E136.