Lead (Pb), a ubiquitous, non-biodegradable heavy metal contaminant, has significant impact on human and animal health. The adverse effect of lead on avian health and productivity has received little attention, considering the fact that they are sentinels. Alchornea laxiflora (Benth), family Euphorbiaceae, grows naturally in the Nigerian rain forest. Decoction of the leaves is administered traditionally to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases. Ethanol extract of Alchornea laxiflora (EaAL) leaves was used in this study to ameliorate lead-induced neurodegeneration. Five-week-old cockerels, 7 groups (n=5), 6-week daily treatment: Group A - Control (water only), Group B - (100mg/kg EaAL daily, p.o.), Group C - (200mg/kg EaAL), Group D - (1% lead acetate, PbAc, in drinking water), Group E - (1% PbAc+100mg/kg EaAL), Group F - (1% PbAc+200mg/kg EaAL daily), Group G - (1% PbAc+100mg/kg Vitamin C). Sacrifice on day 43. Histological stains (H&E, Nissl) and Black Gold II (BGII) histochemistry were used to assess neuronal and myelination alterations respectively, in cerebrum and cerebellum. EaAL administration at two concentrations resulted in a drastic reduction of observable neuropathologies (pyknosis and multilayering of Purkinje cells, neuronal degeneration in hippocampus, cerebrum and ependymal cells, distortion of meningeal epithelial cells, etc). BGII revealed severe demyelination from PbAc, while the two doses of EaAL showed significant restoration of myelin in the cerebellum. The use of EaAL significantly ameliorated morphological alterations and demyelination caused by the administration of PbAc, relative to vitamin C. However, caution should be exercised, as individual idiosyncrasy was observed with tendency to pro-oxidation at 200mg/kg.Fig. 1: Cerebellum, BGII. White arrows indicate the myelin tracts of the arbor vitae of the cerebellum. Note the marked demyelination (lighter staining indicates loss of myelin) with Pb administration, and the recovery observed with EaAL and vit. C administration. EaAL at both doses gave greater protection against demyelination relative to vitamin C. Scale bar – 200 µm (same across micrographs).