To survive, individuals use past experience to select an appropriate behaviour (for instance, approaching a previously rewarding, or avoid a previously punished, place). Past experience will also influence how each ongoing experience is assigned with a positive or negative value. The ventral tegmental area (VTA) dopaminergic (DA) neuronal circuitry is extensively studied in reward-motivated behaviours. Their role in punished ones is less known. Some studies showed that an aversive event may lead either to an activation or an inhibition of VTA DA neurons, suggesting a role for DA neurons in the processing of aversive events. These conflicting results may be best understood in the context of the vast diversity of DA neurons inputs in the VTA. Recent work clearly shows that a small proportion of VTA DA neurons are involved in assigning aversive value to stimuli during learning. VTA DA neurons encoding aversive experiences are therefore likely distinct from VTA DA neurons encoding appetitive learning. Our work aims to anatomically and functionally examine the role of VTA DA neuronal subpopulations in aversive and appetitive motivated behaviour using the powerful TetTag technology. More specifically, we aim at disentangling the differential role of reward versus punishment VTA DA neurons projecting to the basolateral amygdala (BLA), also a place of segregation between appetitive and aversive neuronal population. By identifying and understanding the role of VTA DA to BLA neuronal diversity, these findings could shed light on new perspectives to treat neuropsychiatric disorders related to DA dysfunction, such as addiction.