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Authors & Affiliations
Muhammad Zeeshan, Fei Peng, Bruno Castellaro, Shiyi Fang, Nicole Rosskothen-Kuhl, Jan W.H. Schnupp
Abstract
Bilateral cochlear implants (biCIs) are increasingly used to treat severe hearing loss. However, human biCI users usually exhibit relatively poor binaural cue sensitivity, with interaural time difference (ITD) sensitivity in prelingually deaf patients being particularly poor. To better understand these shortcomings in prosthetic binaural hearing, it would be helpful to know what the “innate” ITD and ILD sensitivity of the neonatally deafened (ND), mature mammalian auditory pathway is like, but this cannot easily be investigated in humans. We therefore recorded neural responses in the inferior colliculus (IC) of rats deafened by i.p. kanamycin injection. When the deaf rats reached maturity (>p60) they were urethane anesthetized and implanted with biCIs. IC multiunit responses to pulse train stimuli at rates of 1, 100, and 900 pps with combinations of ITD ∈ ±{0, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12} ms and ILD ∈ ±{0, 1, 4} dB were recorded extracellularly, and analyzed for ITD or ILD. At pulse rates of 1, 100, and 900 pps, 85.6%, 99.7% and 97.2% respectively of multiunits were significantly ITD sensitive (Kruskal-Wallis tests), 88.5%, 96.4% and 88% were ILD sensitive, and 76.8%, 96.1% and 85.5% were sensitive to both. Sensitivity to small electrical stimulus ITDs and ILDs was therefore very widespread in the IC of adult, hearing-inexperienced, acutely CI-stimulated ND rats. While most multiunits showed significant sensitivity to both cues, examining the proportions of variance explained by ITD or ILD respectively revealed that multiunits in the naive IC nevertheless form two distinct clusters that are either predominantly ITD sensitive or predominantly ILD sensitive.