Episodic memory formation in the mammalian brain is steered by synaptic plasticity processes in the hippocampus. The dorsal hippocampus is instrumental for spatial learning whereas the ventral hippocampus is required for emotional functions. We studied how GABAergic inhibition regulates spike timing-dependent potentiation (t-LTP) at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus using acute brain slices of male C57Bl/6J mice. To this aim we used two distinct t-LTP protocols that rely on six repeats of paired pre- and postsynaptic firing within 10 seconds, resembling physiologically relevant stimuli. Both protocols differ in the pattern of postsynaptic action potentials (compare Cepeda-Prado et al, 2022). Our findings suggest that both t-LTP forms are differentially expressed along the dorso-ventral hippocampal axis and show distinct dependence on GABAergic inhibition. Ionotropic GABAA receptor mediated mechanisms play a greater role in blocking a canonical 6x 1:1 t-LTP that requires single postsynaptic action potentials. In contrast, a 6x 1:4 t-LTP that depends on burst firing of four postsynaptic action potentials unexpectedly requires intact metabotropic GABAB receptor signaling. The magnitude of both t-LTPs decreases along the dorso-ventral axis, despite increasing excitability and strength of basal transmission in this direction. These findings suggest that GABAergic inhibition serves distinct function in the dorsal and ventral hippocampus in memory formation.Funded by ABINEP and the DFG