The development of the brain’s vascular system is a predominantly prenatal process in mammalian species and is required for neurogenesis and further brain development. Our recent work on fetal pig has revealed that many neurodevelopmental processes start well before birth and proceed rapidly reaching near-mature status already around birth. Here, we analyzed the development of vasculature in the cortical layers from embryonic day (E) 70 onwards (gestation in pig lasts 114 days). In all cortical layers, vessel volume from total brain volume at E100 resembled that of a postnatal day (P) 30 piglet. Endothelial cells expressed the tight junction protein Claudin 5 from E45 (~39% of gestation) onwards. Astrocytes (GFAP, AQP4), pericytes (PDGFRβ), and smooth muscle cells (α-SMA) are detectable near vessels at E60 suggesting an early assembly of blood-brain-barrier components. The vascular system in the visual cortex is far advanced before birth and presents an almost mature pattern at E100. Findings were confirmed by protein blots which showed a steady increase of expression of tight junction and angiogenesis-related proteins (Claudin 5, Occludin, VE-cadherin, PECAM-1/CD31) from E65 onwards until P90 in both, visual and somatosensory cortex. This leads to the question of whether or not fetal cortical angiogenesis is influenced by spontaneous activity comparable to the role of specific sensory input for postnatal angiogenesis.