microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) of ~22 nucleotides that regulate gene expression in all biological processes in health and disease, including nerve injury-induced neuronal regeneration and neuropathic pain. Although miRNAs have been under investigation for their potential application as biomarkers or even in novel therapeutic approaches, the signaling pathways involved in their regulation as well as their biological role remains elusive. Mice were subjected to the spared nerve injury model for neuropathic pain and paired-miRNA::mRNA sequencing was performed on dorsal root ganglia seven days post-lesion. Injury-induced dysregulated miRNAs were differentially involved in processes related to neuropathic pain or neuronal regeneration. Inducible plasmids, viral vectors, and miRNA mimics and inhibitors will be applied to investigate the biological function of specific miRNAs on human neuron-like cells and pharmacological approaches will be used to induce and/or inhibit their expression. RNA sequencing, RT-qPCR, in situ hybridization, Western blot, immunocytochemistry, and in vitro outgrowth assay will be used for data acquisition. Plasmid design, taking into account the particularities in miRNAs’ biogenesis and intracellular processing, has been established. Preliminary results in transfected cells showed that doxycyclin inducible plasmids successfully upregulated the miRNAs of interest to levels similar to the ones observed in sensory neurons after a peripheral nerve injury, as indicated by RT-qPCR analysis. This study will elucidate the differential roles of miRNAs, which may offer evidence for possible application of these miRNAs in therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases as well as peripheral neuropathy.