Functional role of skull lymphoid structures in CNS immunosurveillance

Jang Hyun Park discusses how adaptive immunity monitors the central nervous system through lymphoid structures in skull bone marrow. The study identifies germinal-centre-like formations containing follicular-helper-like T cells that promote B-cell activation and humoral responses through CD40L, IL-21 and interferon-gamma signalling. In mouse models, these cells respond to CNS-derived antigens and contribute to anti-tumour immunity in the brain. The findings establish a local site of antigen-specific CNS surveillance and raise questions about its role across neurological diseases.