Topic: apnea

Breathing, a quintessential physiological process, has garnered increasing attention for its profound impact on brain function. Recent investigations have established the pivotal role of respiration in orchestrating rhythmic neuronal activity, facilitated by two primary pathways: efferent intracerebral projections from rhythm generators and reafferent inputs via the olfactory pathway. This intricate interplay between respiration and limbic neuronal dynamics has spurred hypotheses regarding the potential role of breathing in supporting the synchronization of limbic circuits.Yet, elucidating the

Locomotion is an essential and conserved movement that allows humans and animals to interact with their surroundings. Although locomotion appears seemingly effortless, it is an intricate motor behavior that requires the orchestration of several supraspinal and spinal neuronal substrates activating many axial and limb muscles. Thus enabling organisms to navigate through and adapt to their environment. Such context-dependent and episodic locomotor behaviors require an interruption or arrest to adjust the movement toward the aimed goal. However, the neural pathways of motor arrest behaviors upon