Topic: bradycardia

Locomotion is an essential and conserved movement that allows humans and animals to interact with their surroundings. Although locomotion appears seemingly effortless, it is an intricate motor behavior that requires the orchestration of several supraspinal and spinal neuronal substrates activating many axial and limb muscles. Thus enabling organisms to navigate through and adapt to their environment. Such context-dependent and episodic locomotor behaviors require an interruption or arrest to adjust the movement toward the aimed goal. However, the neural pathways of motor arrest behaviors upon

While straightforward monitoring and ethological interpretability has made behavior the most commonly used parameter for inferring and characterizing emotional states in animals, there is a long history of cardiac readouts as emotion indicators in the fields of neurosciences and psychology.Conceptual frameworks such as the threat imminence theory, postulating that the distance to a threat influences the selection of a defensive strategy, defined a convincing model to explain the range of possible behavioral responses. However, while autonomic responses proved equally variable and dynamic, ther